Principles Of Marketing By Philip Kotler Ppt Instant

— Philip Kotler

Image: A scale. One side has “Benefits.” The other side has “Costs.” Text: Customer Perceived Value = Benefits – Costs. principles of marketing by philip kotler ppt

He points to the final slide.

“My croissants are $4,” Maya says. “The supermarket sells them for $1.” Kotler smiles. “But what value do you give? The supermarket croissant is cardboard. Yours is buttery, Instagrammable, and smells like heaven. Reduce their non-monetary costs : time, effort, risk.” — Philip Kotler Image: A scale

Maya adds to her slide: “Golden Crust. Flaky Layers. The aroma of Paris at 7 AM.” principles of marketing by philip kotler ppt

Text in large, golden letters: