How to "Desproteger Excel Online" – A Practical Guide (When You Don’t Have the Password)

You open an Excel file in Microsoft Excel Online (the free browser version), try to edit a cell, and get the error: "The cell or chart you're trying to change is on a protected sheet."

In the desktop Excel app, you might use VBA or password recovery tools. But and limited recovery options. So how do you desproteger (unprotect) the sheet?